Hospital Reporting Program Hospital Reporting Program Click here to download and install PHRV12.5 on the desktop Steps to install PHRV12.5 1. Download PHRV12.5.zip 2. Go to the downloads folder and find PHRV12.zip and extract it into the computer (Please use 7ZIP to extract the file to the computer . ) 3. Go inside the PHRV12.5 folder and find PHRV12.5.exe. 4. Double click on PHRV12.5.exe and follow the installation prompts. Paediatric data form PHR 12.5 Neonatal data form PHR 12.5 Maternal and Newborn data form PHR 12.

PHR Reports Paediatric Hospital Reporting Annual Child Morbidity and Mortality Reports The National Health Department’s Child Health Advisory Committee has produced an Annual Morbidity & Mortality Report since 2010. These reports summarise paediatric admissions and outcomes in hospitals in PNG. The reports contain important clinical and public health recommendations for improving child health. Disease Surveillance Case Reporting Forms The World Health Organisation declared Papua New Guinea free of polio and leprosy in 2000. However surveillance is still essential for polio and for other diseases. PNG has a program for reporting of acute flaccid paralysis (for polio surveillance), and acute fever and rash (for measles and rubella surveillance). Reporting forms for these and other notifiable diseases can be downloaded here. Reporting of these diseases requires that health workers know how to identify a suggestive clinical syndrome and take the appropriate test to confirm or exclude the diseases under surveillance. PNG also has surveillance for rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease, and severe acute watery diarrhoea (to identify cholera outbreaks). Stronger Communities Begin with Healthier Children

Privacy Policy Privacy Policy Effective Date: 01/06/2025 The Paediatric Society of Papua New Guinea ("we", "our", or "us") is committed to protecting the privacy of our website visitors. This Privacy Policy outlines how we collect, use, and safeguard your personal information when you visit https://pngpaediatricsociety.org . 1. Information We Collect We may collect the following types of information: Personal Information: Such as your name, email address, and professional details if you voluntarily submit them through contact forms, event registrations, or membership applications. Non-Personal Information: Such as your browser type, IP address, device type, and pages visited. This helps us improve website performance and user experience. 2. How We Use Your Information We use the information we collect to: Respond to inquiries and provide requested information Manage membership applications and communications Share updates about society activities, events, and child health resources Improve our website and services Ensure the security and integrity of our website 3. Cookies and Tracking Our website may use cookies to enhance your browsing experience. You can choose to disable cookies through your browser settings, but this may affect some features of the site. 4. Sharing Your Information We do not sell, trade, or rent your personal information. We may share information with trusted third parties only when necessary to operate our website or services, or if required by law. 5. External Links Our website may contain links to external websites. We are not responsible for the content or privacy practices of these third-party sites. We encourage users to read the privacy policies of those websites. 6. Data Security We take reasonable measures to protect your personal data from unauthorized access, misuse, or disclosure. However, no method of internet transmission or electronic storage is 100% secure. 7. Children’s Privacy This website is not intended to collect personal information from children under the age of 13. If we discover such information has been provided without parental consent, it will be deleted promptly. 8. Changes to This Policy We may update this Privacy Policy occasionally. All changes will be posted on this page with a revised effective date. 9. Contact Us If you have any questions or concerns about this Privacy Policy or how your information is handled, please contact us at: Email: info@pngpaediatricsociety.org Website: https://pngpaediatricsociety.org

In Memoriam In Memoriam Dr Alphonse Rongap Dr Wendy Pameh

Research 2017 Research 2017 Diploma of Child Health Andree Zamunu Antibiotics for the common cold in Popendetta DCH 2017 In Popendetta, antibiotic prescribing for children with a common cold or minor upper respiratory tract infection was common, occurring in 82% of 108 cases. Children under the age of 1 year, and those with symptoms longer than 5 days were more likely to be inappropriately prescribed antibiotics. When health workers prescribed antibiotics for the common cold they were less likely to give basic symptomatic advice. Annette Garae The spectrum of paediatric cardiac disease in Vanuatu DCH 2017 In Vanuatu, 212 children with congenital (166) and rheumatic heart disease (44) were identified between 2010 and 2016. Through a collaboration with New Zealand 61 children underwent surgery in Auckland, with 60 survivors. 20% of the 212 children were on conservative care, many because of inoperable severe pulmonary hypertension from left to right shunts. 12% of the 212 had been lost to follow-up. Justin Kali Adoption and Feeding Practices among children in Southern Highlands DCH 2017 In Mendi Hospital and rural health facilities in Southern Highlands, 85 adopted children were identified. 61 were subject of customary adoption, 24 infants were bought, and there were no legal adoptions. Most mothers had no knowledge of legal adoption practices, or of appropriate infant feeding practices, and 53 (62%) were adopted in the neonatal period. Nearly half of the adoptive mothers had no formal education. Merlisa Birth asphyxia in Goroka DCH 2017 In Goroka over 6 months 52 babies with birth asphyxia were identified, with an incidence of 2.4%. They had a case fatality rate of 23%. 67% were delivered by midwives and in 58% of cases no partograph was used. The major predictor of death was a low Apgar score at 5 minutes (Apgar of 5 or less). Rachel Masta Malnutrition in Kimbe DCH 2017 In Kimbe, the parents of 20 children with severe malnutrition were interviewed to explore the diversity of the diet given to their children. While most children ate carbohydrates and vitamin A containing food daily, more than half of these children did not have a daily source of protein or other vitamins, and more than half did not have a weekly source of calcium in their diets. Rhondi Kauna Oral Rehydration and outpatient treatment of moderate dehydration DCH 2017 Among 129 children with gastroenteritis and moderate dehydration monitored in the children’s emergency department at PMGH, 63 tolerated oral rehydration and zinc well, taking 25ml/kg of ORS over 2¼ hour of observation without vomiting. All these children recovered with home treatment, and 97% of mothers understood how to give ORS. Of the 66 children who did not tolerate ORS under observation in the CED, all improved with half-strength Darrow’s solution. Outpatient management of children with gastroenteritis and moderate dehydration is safe as long as appropriate safeguards are in place: particularly that the family can access the hospital 24 hours a day, the child has 2-4 hours of observation in ED and tolerates 25-40ml/kg ORS and oral zinc without vomiting, parent education is provided on danger signs and when to return, and the child can be reviewed on day 2. Venao Seta Bempu bracelet and hypothermia DCH 2017 Among 97 low birth weight babies monitored with the new Bempu wrist bracelet, which is designed to detect neonatal hypothermia, 6 hourly temperatures were taken by thermometer 1491 times. On 124 occasions the babies temperature was measured by thermometer as <36 C. On 102 of these 124 occasions that the neonate had hypothermia the Bempu bracelet had an orange alarm, with a sensitivity (true positive) rate of 82%. All the Bempu bracelets lasted the expected life of 4 weeks, there was a high alert for hypothermia and prompt actions, including swaddling and skin-to-skin warming. Illiterate mothers were able to recognise hypothermia with use of band. The study is ongoing. Master of Medicine Diana Olita’a Minimal antibiotics in PROM MMed 2017 Among 133 well babies born at term after prolonged rupture of membranes, with a minimal or no antibiotic treatment approach, any signs of sepsis occurred in only 10 (7.5%) in the first week of life, and an additional 3 between 8 and 28 days. There was only one case of proven bacteraemia, and no deaths. Most of the suspected sepsis cases were a transient fever or skin pustules. Minimal use of antibiotics in PROM in well term babies is safe as long as safeguards are in place to monitor for signs of sepsis. In this study nearly 90% of newborns avoided antibiotic exposure and went home at 48-72 hours. This approach can protect against adverse consequences of antibiotics, including overgrowth with resistant organisms and wheezing. Janella Solomon Malnutrition in Honiara MMed 2017 At the National Referral Hospital in Honiara, 62 of 144 children admitted in a 3 month period had some degree of malnutrition. Of the 62, 27% had severe acute malnutrition, 30% had moderate acute malnutrition, 18% had chronic severe malnutrition and 16% had moderate chronic malnutrition. Only 4 children with malnutrition died (CFR 6.5%), after a major campaign to improve the management of malnutrition at NRH, with training, guidelines, monitoring and audit. Kunera Kiromat JE virus and quality of care for children with encephalopathy in PMGH MMed 2017 Among 97 children with febrile encephalopathy, 5 had Japanese encephalitis, 5 had Dengue, 6 had meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumonia, 1 had meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae, 6 had malaria, and 19 had suspected tuberculous meningitis. Many aspects of supportive care for children with febrile encephalopathy were frequently not done, including monitoring of blood pressure, blood glucose, anticonvulsant therapy, pupillary assessment and recording, and head elevation to reduce intracranial pressure and prevent aspiration. Other aspects of supportive care were done in more than half the cases, but there was still scope to improve on oxygen administration, Glasgow Coma Score monitoring, recording weight, basic vital signs and providing enteral nutrition. Rose Morre Outpatient treatment of moderate peumonia MMed 2017 Among 120 children assessed as having moderate pneumonia at PMGH, outpatient treatment was successful in 92%. 3 patients were recognised as having clinical signs of severe pneumonia on day 1, and admitted. 117 were treated as outpatients with a single dose of benzylpenicillin, followed by oral amoxicillin for 5 days. Three children were admitted on day 2 with signs of severe pneumonia, and on day 6, 2 children were admitted for non-pneumonia causes. In total 15 children were lost to follow-up. 97 children were cured by day 6. There were no deaths. This study shows that outpatient treatment of moderate pneumonia is safe and effective, as long as safeguards are in place. These include: excluding high risk patients (HIV, neonates), checking for danger signs and hypoxaemia using pulse oximetry, a protocol for education of mothers, including teaching about danger signs and when to return (use structured teaching materials and video), and follow-up and reassessment if a child is not improving to detect undiagnosed conditions which may look like moderate pneumonia (TB, congenital heart disease, HIV). Steven Lumasa PHR in Honiara MMed 2017 Using the Paediatric Hospital Reporting Program as a tool, the case mix and epidemiology of children admitted to Honiara National Referral Hospital was identified. The study identified the more complex diagnoses not summarised in the summary sheet of the PHR, including the different types of TB, the types of cancer, the different types of neonatal sepsis and congenital malformations, and the comorbidities associated with severe malnutrition (anaemia, infectious complications, and underlying chronic conditions). Key findings included: 25% of all admissions were readmissions, suggesting many children have chronic conditions; the highest CFR was for sepsis in older children (63% died); and just over half the childhood cancers did not receive a proper diagnosis of the cancer type. Temane Korowi Neonatal epidemiology in Goroka MMed 2017 In a retrospective study describing 5 years of neonatal admissions at Goroka General Hospital, there were over 5176 admissions, of which 82% were born in hospital, 4% in health centres and 14% at home. The overall neonatal mortality rates was 9.7%, and annual CFRs were 8.07% to 13.1%. The highest causes of mortality were low birth weight, birth asphyxia and meconium aspiration syndrome, and neonatal sepsis. In a multivariate regression the significant independent predictors of neonatal death were LBW, health centre birth and village birth. Babies born in HCs and in villages who are referred to EHPH have higher mortality rates than hospital delivered babies who are admitted to NNU, partly because of referral bias (sicker babies are referred). Bardley Ludawane RHD in Solomon Islands MMed 2017 In a qualitative study of children and adolescents with Rheumatic Heart Disease, the understanding of RDH was explored. Many adolescents knew that RHD affected their heart, and that they needed regular injections, but knowledge among affected patients was often limited. Parents of these children knew they had some sort heart problem, and thought that treatment would make their child better. They showed a sense of trust in doctors, and had a fear of their child missing injections. Because of recent adverse events related to benzathine penicillin injection, and difficulties with syringes being obstructed by powder if not shaken adequately, some clinic health workers were reluctant to give injections. This is a challenge for the RHD program in Solomon.

Registrars Registrars MMED and Diploma of Child Health Program Post-graduate paediatric training for doctors is conducted by the School of Medicine and Health Sciences at the University of PNG. Doctors who have completed 2 years post-residency (working as a service registrar) begin by doing a one-year Diploma of Child Health (DCH). This can be done from any hospital in the country that has a paediatrician who can provide supervision. The Master of Medicine in paediatrics is a 4 year course, in addition to the DCH year, during which trainees work as paediatric registrars. The course includes the Part I examination process, one year of a research project, and at least one year working at Port Moresby General Hospital. More details on the Diploma of Child Health and the Master of Medicine can be downloaded at: UPNG Post graduate curriculum DCH and MMed in Paediatrics Keep a log book of your training Paediatric cases log-book 2021 This log-book is designed to be used throughout the 5 years of paediatric training, commencing in the DCH year. Trainees should record details of procedures learnt and practiced, cases managed, courses attended, and research projects. Along with the curriculum, the log-book can guide trainees in the skills and knowledge required to be a paediatrician in PNG. Supervisors should review this log-book as part of regular supervision. How to do a DCH and MMed project and write a minor thesis How to do a research project and write a minor thesis ADC 2018 This paper describes the steps in conducting a Diploma or Masters research project and writing up a project report (a minor thesis). Read it before you start! Epidemiology and practical research methods course slides 2020 A series of 5 lectures: teaching slides on basic epidemiology, research methods and statistical tests Clinical practice for paediatric exams How to do a long case 2019 Paediatric Lectures 2021 Lectures Weekly Paediatric Lecture 1 Covid-19 update Feb 1 2021 Weekly Paediatric Lecture 2 Pneumonia and bronchiolitis Feb 8 2021 Weekly Paediatric Lecture 3 Fever in children Feb 15 2021 Weekly Paediatric Lecture 4 Anaemia in children February 22 2021 2020 Lectures Lecture 1 Covid-19 and children May 2 2020 Lecture 2 HIV in children May 11 2020 Lecture 3 Dengue in children May 18 2020 Lecture 4 Meningitis and encephalitis in children May 25 2020 Lecture 5 Common kidney diseases in children June 1 2020 Lecture 6 Anaemia in children June 10 2020 Lecture 7 Paediatric oncology June 22 2020 Lecture 8 Epilepsy in children July 6 2020 Lecture 9 Child health epidemiology in PNG July 13 2020 Lecture 10 Congenital heart disease July 20 2020 Lecture 11 Congenital heart disease II July 27 2020 Lecture 12 Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children August 3 2020 Lecture 13 Management of CNS TB and TB-related chronic lung disease August 11 2020 Lecture 14 Fluid and electrolyte management in children August 17 2020 Lecture 15 Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in children August 24 2020 Lecture 16 Neglected Tropical Diseases in children August 31 2020 Lecture 17 Endocrine problems in children September 7 2020 Lecture 18 Failure to thrive in infants and children September 14 2020 Lecture 19 Paediatric mortality auditing September 21 2020 Lecture 20 Neonatal problems September 28 2020 Lecture 21 Neurological examination of children October 12 2020 Lecture 22 Jaundice and liver disease in children October 19 2020 Your Care Today Shapes Their Tomorrow

CME Continuing Medical Education Q&A 2018 2017 2016 2015 Because Every Child Counts

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Training Tools Training The School of Medicine at the University of Papua New Guinea runs post-graduate training in paediatrics and child health. The training consists of a 1-year Diploma of Child Health (DCH), followed by a 3-year Masters of Medicine in Paediatrics. The DCH can be done from any hospital where there is a paediatrician. The training is a mixture of clinical paediatrics and public health, with a focus on the common causes of disease in PNG children, available treatments and holistic care, determinants of health and illness prevention, and evidence-based health care. Trainees do a research project for both their DCH and Masters. Curriculum: UPNG Post graduate curriculum DCH and MMed in Paediatrics From Pregnancy to Adolescence — We’re Here Every Step of the Way

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CME 2021 2021 The following are lecture notes on paediatric topics in the DCH and MMed 2021 1 Covid-19 update 2 Pneumonia and bronchiolitis 3 Fever in children 4 Anaemia in children 5 Failure to thrive 6 Vaccines 7 Common paediatric problems I 8 Meningitis and encephalitis in children 9 Oxygen therapy for the Pandemic 10 Fluid and electrolyte management in paediatrics 11 Neonatology – Preterm and low birth weight infants 12 Neonatal infections 13 Endocrine problems in children 14 Paediatric Cancer 15 Intensive management of common paediatric problems 16 Intensive management of common paediatric problems II 17 Paediatric Hospital Reporting Program 18 Common paediatric problems II 19 Soil transmitted helminths in children 20 Cardiac disease in children 21 Cardiac disease in children 22 Common paediatric medical and surgical problems 23 Epilepsy in children 24 Common paediatric medical and surgical problems 25 COVID Delta variant and multisystem inflammatory illness 26 Common kidney diseases in children 27 HIV in children and adolescents 28 Basic research methods how to design a research project 29 CPAP 30 Jaundice and liver disease in children 31 Dengue in children 32 Diagnosis of tuberculosis in children 33 Treatment of COVID infections in children and adolescents

Child Death Review Meetings Child Death Review Meetings Mortality Review Meetings WHO January 2019 This is a description of how to conduct regular child mortality review meetings. The forms below are used for summarising the cases for discussion, identifying diagnoses, and drawing up a plan for actions and recommendations from the meeting. Below is a lecture describing child death review meetings https://youtu.be/Ec51GpWwhtM Death Register Form 01 The Death registrar form is held in the ward, and the names of children who died are recorded. This is so that at the designated time each week that the audit meeting is going to be held, you will have a list of the cases for discussion. This form is taken to the meeting to ensure that all cases, or the selected cases, are discussed. Child Mortality Reporting Form Final Version 2017 02 The Child Mortality Reporting Form is the main form used at the weekly audit meeting to record information about the case. It is best if the person who is coordinating the meeting fill some of the demographic information in before the meeting, so the meeting can focus on discussing the story, and determining if there are any avoidable factors, and what action needs to be taken. Cause of Death Codes 03 The Cause of death codes is a list of standardised diagnoses. These are common in PNG, and all are included in the PHR. This is in an effort to assign an accurate and standardised cause(s) of death. 04 Action Plan Summary Form 04 The Action plan summary form is a summary each week of the meetings resolutions, which should be reviewed at the next and subsequent meetings to determine if the required action was taken. Over time, by filling out this form and reviewing all outstanding actions, it should be possible to determine if progress is being made.